Kurds waging campaign to uproot Arabs in north Iraq — Amnesty

ERBIL, Iraq — Kurdish forces have bulldozed, blown up and burned down thousands of Arab homes across northern Iraq in what may constitute a war crime, human rights watchdog Amnesty International said in a report published on Wednesday.

Amnesty said it found evidence of a "concerted campaign" by the Kurds to uproot Arab communities in revenge for their perceived support of Daesh, which seized control of about one third of Iraq in the summer of 2014.

Kurdish peshmerga forces have since driven the insurgents back in the north of Iraq with the help of air strikes from a US-led coalition, expanding their control to include ethnically mixed territories they claim as their own.

"KRG [Kurdistan Regional Government] forces appear to be spearheading a concerted campaign to forcibly displace Arab communities by destroying entire villages in areas they have recaptured from IS [Daesh] in northern Iraq," Amnesty's Donatella Rovera said.

"The forced displacement of civilians and the deliberate destruction of homes and property without military justification, may amount to war crimes."

The report, based on field investigation in 13 villages and towns, and testimony gathered from more than 100 witnesses, also includes satellite imagery showing large-scale destruction of homes in Nineveh, Kirkuk and Diyala provinces.

Arabs who fled their homes have also been barred by Kurdish forces from returning to areas recaptured from Daesh, Amnesty said.

Dindar Zebari, the head of the KRG's committee to respond to international reports, said the damage documented by Amnesty was a result of fighting between the peshmerga and Daesh militants, as well as air strikes and booby-traps left behind by the militants.

As for the forced displacement of Arabs, Zebari said the coalition had requested civilians be kept away from areas close to the front line, and that Kurds too were prevented from returning to some recaptured villages for their own safety.

Zebari said that the Kurdistan region has accommodated 700,000 Arabs fleeing violence in the rest of the country.

Amnesty urged the coalition to ensure that any assistance provided to the KRG was not fuelling abuses, which it described as an attempt to reverse the Arabisation campaign conducted under Saddam Hussein when thousands of Kurds were uprooted.

The coalition's Baghdad-based spokesman US Army Colonel Steve Warren told reporters he could not comment on Amnesty's findings because they were still being reviewed, but that such issues were taken very seriously.